2024 NECO Data Processing Questions and Answers verified expoz

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2024 NECO Data Processing Questions and Answers Expoz

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2024 NECO Data Processing Theory (Essay) Answers

PAPER II

Answer four questions.

PAPER II

Answer four questions.

(a)
i. What is database management system? (2 marks)
ii. State two benefits of database management system. (2 marks)

(b) Briefly explain the following classifications of database: (6 marks)
i. Logical
ii. Network
iii. Physical

(a) Write short notes on the following with reference to data security: (6 marks)
i. Log files
ii. Firewalls

(b) Mention four types of software maintenance and explain any two. (6 marks)

(a)
i. What is Workbook? (2 marks)
ii. State any two features of website. (2 marks)

(b)
i. In a tabular form, state two differences between parallel and distributed Operating Systems. (4 marks)
ii. What is a determinant in a database table? (2 marks)

(a)
i. State any two uses of Electronic Data Processing (EDP). (2 marks)
ii. Differentiate compact disk from flash drive. (2 marks)

(b) Mention two classes of normalization and explain one. (3 marks)

(a)
i. Explain two components of web design package. (4 marks)
ii. State two uses of web design package. (1 mark)

(b)
i. Define information transmission. (2 marks)
ii. Itemize three modes of information transmission. (3 marks)

(a) Briefly explain the following internet terms: (8 marks)
i. Chat room
ii. Cookie
iii. Telnet
iv. FTP

(b) State four examples of top level domain name extensions. (2 marks)

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here are the answers to the questions:

Question 1:

(a)
i. What is a database management system (DBMS)?

A DBMS is software that allows for the creation, management, and manipulation of databases. It provides an interface between the database and its users or application programs, ensuring that data is consistently organized and remains easily accessible. ii. State two benefits of a database management system.
Data Integrity: Ensures accuracy and consistency of data.
Data Security: Provides security features to protect data from unauthorized access.

(b) Briefly explain the following classifications of databases:
i. Logical:

Logical databases refer to the conceptual design of the database structure, focusing on the relationships between data elements and the constraints on data. ii. Network:
Network databases are a type of database where data is represented in a graph structure, allowing many-to-many relationships, typically using a network model. iii. Physical:
Physical databases concern the actual storage of data on hardware. This includes the methods used to store and retrieve data on physical media like disks and memory.

Question 2:

(a) Write short notes on the following with reference to data security:
i. Log files:

Log files are records that track events and transactions in a computer system or application. They are essential for monitoring, troubleshooting, and ensuring data security by providing a detailed record of system activities. ii. Firewalls:
Firewalls are security systems that control the incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules. They act as barriers between trusted internal networks and untrusted external networks, such as the internet, to prevent unauthorized access.

(b) Mention four types of software maintenance and explain any two.

Corrective Maintenance: Fixes bugs and errors found in the software.
Adaptive Maintenance: Adjusts the software to accommodate changes in the environment, such as new operating systems.
Perfective Maintenance: Enhances software performance or adds new features.
Preventive Maintenance: Makes changes to prevent future problems. Explanation:
Corrective Maintenance: This involves identifying and fixing defects in the software. It ensures that the software functions correctly by resolving issues that were not detected during initial development.
Adaptive Maintenance: This involves modifying the software to keep it usable within a changing environment, such as updating the software to work with new hardware or operating systems.

Question 3:

(a)
i. What is Workbook?

A workbook is a file containing one or more spreadsheets, which are used to organize data into rows and columns. It is commonly used in spreadsheet applications like Microsoft Excel. ii. State any two features of a website.
Navigation Menu: Helps users to easily move between different sections of the website.
Responsive Design: Ensures the website is accessible and looks good on all devices, including desktops, tablets, and smartphones.

(b)
i. In a tabular form, state two differences between parallel and distributed Operating Systems.

Feature	Parallel Operating System	Distributed Operating System
Architecture	Single system with multiple processors	Multiple systems connected via a network
Resource Sharing	Shared memory	Independent memory and resources

ii. What is a determinant in a database table?

A determinant is an attribute that uniquely determines another attribute. For example, in a table of employees, the employee ID can determine the employee’s name, position, and salary.

Question 4:

(a)
i. State any two uses of Electronic Data Processing (EDP).

Automating Repetitive Tasks: Streamlines and automates routine tasks, increasing efficiency and accuracy.
Data Analysis: Processes large volumes of data to produce meaningful insights and reports. ii. Differentiate compact disk from flash drive.
Compact Disk (CD): An optical disc used to store data, read using a laser. Typically has a capacity of up to 700 MB.
Flash Drive: A small, portable solid-state storage device that uses flash memory. Capacities range from a few gigabytes to several terabytes.

(b) Mention two classes of normalization and explain one.

First Normal Form (1NF): Ensures each column contains only atomic (indivisible) values and each entry in a column is of the same type.
Second Normal Form (2NF): Builds on 1NF by ensuring that all non-key attributes are fully functionally dependent on the primary key. Explanation:
First Normal Form (1NF): This ensures that the table structure is simplified by breaking down data into the smallest possible units. Each column should contain only one type of data, and each entry should be unique and not contain sets of values.

Question 5:

(a)
i. Explain two components of a web design package.

HTML Editor: A tool for creating and editing web pages using HTML, the standard markup language for documents designed to be displayed in a web browser.
CSS Editor: A tool for designing the look and feel of web pages through CSS (Cascading Style Sheets), which controls layout, colors, and fonts. ii. State two uses of a web design package.
Creating Websites: Allows users to design and develop websites.
Editing Existing Websites: Enables users to update and maintain existing websites.

(b)
i. Define information transmission.

Information transmission is the process of sending and receiving data between two or more devices or locations, using various methods such as wired, wireless, or optical communication systems. ii. Itemize three modes of information transmission.
Simplex: Data transmission in one direction only.
Half-duplex: Data transmission in both directions, but not simultaneously.
Full-duplex: Data transmission in both directions simultaneously.

Question 6:

(a) Briefly explain the following internet terms:
i. Chat room:

A chat room is a virtual space where multiple users can communicate in real-time via text messages. ii. Cookie:
A cookie is a small piece of data sent from a website and stored on the user’s computer by their web browser while they are browsing. iii. Telnet:
Telnet is a network protocol used to provide a command-line interface for communication with a remote device or server. iv. FTP (File Transfer Protocol):
FTP is a standard network protocol used to transfer files between a client and a server over a computer network.