2024 NECO Chemistry Questions and Answers: Free Expo Now Available

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2024 NECO Chemistry Questions and Answers Expoz: Free Expo Now Available

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2024 NECO Chemistry Theory (Essay) Answers

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QUESTION 1

Table of Contents

4 (a)

i. What is allotropy?
Allotropy is the existence of two or more different physical forms of a chemical element. These different forms are known as allotropes. They exhibit different physical properties and sometimes different chemical behaviors.

ii. Give one example of an element that exhibits allotropy.
Carbon is an element that exhibits allotropy. Its allotropes include diamond, graphite, and graphene.

iii. State two uses of carbon (IV) oxide.

Used in carbonated drinks as it is soluble in water.
Used as a fire extinguisher since it does not support combustion.

4 (b)

i. Write the ionic form of a group III element.
For Aluminum (Al), a group III element, the ionic form is Al3+\text{Al}^{3+}Al3+.

ii. Calculate the mass in grams of oxygen required to burn 4.8 g of calcium.
Given:

Molar mass of Ca = 40
Molar mass of O = 16

Balanced reaction: 2Ca+O2→2CaO2\text{Ca} + \text{O}_2 \rightarrow 2\text{CaO}2Ca+O2→2CaO

From the balanced equation, 2 moles of Ca react with 1 mole of O2\text{O}_2O2:

Moles of Ca = 4.8 g40 g/mol=0.12 moles\frac{4.8 \text{ g}}{40 \text{ g/mol}} = 0.12 \text{ moles}40 g/mol4.8 g=0.12 moles
Since 2 moles of Ca react with 1 mole of O2\text{O}_2O2:
- Moles of O2\text{O}_2O2 needed = 0.12 moles2=0.06 moles\frac{0.12 \text{ moles}}{2} = 0.06 \text{ moles}20.12 moles=0.06 moles
Mass of O2\text{O}_2O2 = 0.06 moles×32 g/mol=1.92 g0.06 \text{ moles} \times 32 \text{ g/mol} = 1.92 \text{ g}0.06 moles×32 g/mol=1.92 g

Therefore, 1.92 grams of oxygen is required to burn 4.8 grams of calcium.

4 (c)

i. When steam is passed over red-hot iron fillings, the products formed are oxide X and gas Y.

Identify X and Y.
- Oxide X: Fe3O4\text{Fe}_3\text{O}_4Fe3O4 (magnetite)
- Gas Y: H2\text{H}_2H2 (hydrogen gas)
Write an equation for the reaction in (c)i.
3Fe+4H2O→Fe3O4+4H23\text{Fe} + 4\text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow \text{Fe}_3\text{O}_4 + 4\text{H}_23Fe+4H2O→Fe3O4+4H2

ii. What is the colour formed when potassium iodide solution is added to lead (II) salt?
The colour formed is yellow due to the formation of lead(II) iodide (PbI2\text{PbI}_2PbI2).

iii. Sketch a graph to illustrate Boyle’s law.
Boyle’s law states that the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume at constant temperature.

To sketch the graph:

The x-axis represents volume (V).
The y-axis represents pressure (P).
The graph will be a hyperbola, showing that as volume increases, pressure decreases, and vice versa.

Here’s an example of how the graph should look:Volume (V)Pressure (P)V1P1V2P2V3P3\begin{array}{c|c} \text{Volume (V)} & \text{Pressure (P)} \\ \hline \text{V}_1 & \text{P}_1 \\ \text{V}_2 & \text{P}_2 \\ \text{V}_3 & \text{P}_3 \\ \end{array}Volume (V)V1V2V3Pressure (P)P1P2P3

The graph will be a curve that slopes downward from left to right, illustrating the inverse relationship.

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QUESTION 2

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QUESTION 3

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QUESTION 4

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